With the recent release of web-app-theme providing Rails 3.1 support, it’s time once again for me to write a tutorial on how to earn money from cheap clients who can’t afford designers.
For reference, the previous tutorial can be read here.
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Every Rails developer knows how to create a Rails app. It’s easy as
rails new APP-NAME-HERE
But how many know how to create an app from scratch that looks good enough to sell to clients i.e. with slick design, authentication, authorization, and all that? Sure, there are tutorials out there that cover those components, but most of them cover them only in isolation from each other. A quick tutorial containing multiple components at a time would be a valuable resource to anyone planning to start a new app.
As the resident dilettante in these parts, I’ve decided to create such a tutorial based on a recent demo I made for a prospective client.
This post will discuss how to create a Rails 3.1 application that looks good enough to sell to clients (of course, YMMV) while still having components found in “professional” apps. This tutorial will cover the following:
- Andrea Franz’s web-app-theme gem – this gem generates themes for your web app (hence the name). The demo and the list of available themes can be found on this page.
- Devise – our authentication module. Authlogic‘s fine, but I find Devise’s approach less obtrusive.
- Haml – replaces Erb. Not perfect (e.g. screws up with inline a tags) but the drastic decrease in code makes passing it up difficult.
- Rspec – replaces Test::Unit. Only setup will be covered in this post, actual usage is left to the reader.
- Kaminari – gem for pagination. We’re going to use it in place of the previous gem will_paginate
Rest of the tutorial is below the cut.
Let’s start by creating our new app with no testing framework and with MySQL as the database:
$ rails new pro-template-app-31 -d mysql -T
Now would be a good time to edit the .gitignore file to exclude files you don’t want to add to Git. Rails 3 already provides some good defaults, but if you want more possible entries there are samples available over at Github.
Once done, it’s time to make the initial commit.
$ git init
$ git add .
$ git commit -am "initial commit"
Setup Gemfile
Now is time to add the needed gems to Gemfile.
source 'http://rubygems.org' gem 'rails', '3.1.0' gem 'mysql2' gem 'haml' gem 'devise' gem 'kaminari' group :development, :test do gem 'capybara' gem 'rspec-rails' gem 'haml-rails' gem 'hpricot' gem 'ruby_parser' gem 'web-app-theme', '~> 0.8.0' end
I’ve already explained most of the gems above at the beginning of this post. The only thing worth noting would be the addition of hpricot and ruby_parser, both of which are needed by web-app-theme to generate haml files.
Run “bundle install” to install the gems. After the gems are installed, all of our generators will now use Rspec instead of Test::Unit, and it can now generate Haml instead of Erb.
Generate home page
Let’s try out our app first by creating a new root page to replace the default.
$ rails g controller home index
$ rm public/index.html
Then edit the config/routes.rb:
ProTemplateApp31::Application.routes.draw do root :to => "home#index" end
Before starting the app, don’t forget to create the database:
$ rake db:create
Start the server.
all pictures are clickable BTW
Generate theme with web-app-theme
Here comes the fun part.
$ rails g web_app_theme:theme --engine=haml --app-name="My Latest Web App"
This will generate the layout files using the default theme in haml whose title would be “My Latest Web App”.
(In case you want to use a different theme, add --theme="THEME-NAME" to this and some of the later commands.)
Delete the default layout generated for the rails app:
$ rm app/views/layouts/application.html.erb
then refresh the page.
It looks good, but I think we’re better off using the sample text page from the demo site.
$ rails g web_app_theme:themed home --themed-type=text --engine=haml
$ mv app/views/home/show.html.haml app/views/home/index.html.haml
Tweaking web-app-theme v0.8.0
Before we continue, let’s first fix some problems with web-app-theme 0.8.0 when used with Rails 3.1.
First, generate a copy of the current theme to your app so that you could modify them.
$ rails g web_app_theme:assets
Now for the tweaks:
- JavaScript tag doesn’t point to the one generated by the asset pipeline. This is the reason why the sign-out links won’t work if you followed the previous tutorial. Fix here.
- The stylesheet for alert messages are still defined under “error” class. Fix here.
- For some odd reason, the images for buttons were moved to the spec folder. You can bring them back by manually copying them to your project’s web-app-theme asset folder. Here’s one way of doing it:
$ cp $(bundle show web-app-theme)/spec/dummy/public/images/* app/assets/images/web-app-theme/ -r
Add Devise authentication
Let’s install Devise and create our User model in the process.
$ rails g devise:install
$ rails g devise user
We also need to customize the login screen. To do this, we must first enable scoped views for Devise.
Then let’s generate the sign-in/sign-out layout:
$ rails g web_app_theme:theme sign --layout-type=sign --engine=haml --app-name="My Latest Web App"
Then let’s add the following files to the config/application.rb file to change the layout for sign-in/sign-up:
config.to_prepare do
Devise::SessionsController.layout "sign"
Devise::RegistrationsController.layout "sign"
end
At this point, you could generate the Devise views via
$ rails g devise:views
but the generated files are in ERb, not to mention that the layout for the sign-in/sign-up pages are different from what web-app-theme expects.
To save you from the hassle of copying the layout of those two pages, you could just copy-paste what I did here and here.
Restart the server, run rake db:migrate, and try going to the login site (/users/sign_in).
Clicking “Sign up”:
Finishing touches to Devise
Let’s do some finishing touches to the UI.
First, modify the layout such that the logout button actually works.
Now to test if Devise really works. Add the before_filter :authenticate_user! to home_controller.rb to kick us out to the login screen if we’re not logged in. While we’re at it, modify the said controller to set tell sign-out to redirect to the sign-in page.
Create a test user via the rails console.
$ rails c
User.create :email => "test@example.com", :password => "123456", :password_confirmation => "123456"
You should now be able to login and logout.
Theming a CRUD module
Now let’s show how to add the web-app-theme to a new CRUD module. To simplify things, we’ll use the ultra-stupidsimple blog demo.
$ rails g scaffold blog_entry subject:string content:text publish_at:datetime
...
$ rake db:migrate
Overwrite the generated files by running web-app-theme’s generator:
$ rails g web_app_theme:themed blog_entries --will-paginate --engine=haml
Since we’re using kaminari, we need to modify the controller and index page accordingly.
We will also have to modify the kaminari template to match the CSS. First generate the view files via
$ rails g kaminari:views default -e haml
then modify the files to match the layout with the demo page. Here’s one way of doing it.
We also need to modify the layout to take into account the new module.
After that, you can still do a couple of minor tweaks to the pages to deal with their “auto-generated” jagged edges. Then you can also apply the error message fix (don’t forget to restart the server) and test it with the screens.
And that’s it. The complete code generated above can be found at Github.
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